POSITIONING BY EARTH'S MAGNETIC ANOMALY FIELD

Muayad Alsamaraee CEO of MD’s has stated all their VTOL TSAMA-aircraft designs can be powered with a hybrid-electric power source or using batteries as their main power source (electric vertical takeoff and landing - eVTOL).

A TSAMA modular aircraft Series is a design principle for an aircraft where the airframe sections can be attached, during its manufacturing or detached during its modifications, and reattached the airframe sections to, the rest of the aircraft. a new way of business for TSAMA aircraft manufacturing. 

TSAMA - VTOL Submersible Modular Aircraft, Future Vertical Lift (FVL), Optionally Piloted Aircraft (OPA) ... Future Vertical Lift (FVL) is a family of vertical lift solutions that will deliver next generation capabilities at the tactical, operational and strategic levels. They will enable joint force mission effectiveness in the transregional multidomain and multifunctional threat environment.

TSAMA - (T)Tandem Ducted-fans, (S)Submersible, (A)Amphibious, (M)Modular Standalone-Units, (A)Artificial Intelligence Ability. ... its horizons of freedom. Autocratic governments cannot learn to master these technologies. … based on the Positioning by Earth's Magnetic Anomaly Field. 

Realizing worldwide dependable alternatives to the Global Positioning System is a challenging engineering problem. Current Global Positioning System alternatives often suffer from limitations such as where and when the systems can operate. Navigation using Earth's magnetic anomaly field, which is globally available at all times, shows promise to overcome many of these limitations. We present a navigation framework that uses Earth's magnetic anomaly field as a navigation signal to aid an inertial navigation system in a Submarine, aircraft, and Submersible Aircraft TSAMA of MD’s (Muayad Alsamaraee). The utilizes ultra-accurate optically pumped cesium magnetometers to make scalar intensity measurements of Earth's magnetic field and compare them with a map using a particle filter approach. The accuracy of these measurements allows observability of not only the inertial navigation system errors but also the temporal effects of Earth's magnetic field, which corrupt the navigation signal. ... We present a breakthrough solution that allows near worldwide use of the navigation. 

Gravity and magnetic anomalies are defined as the deviation of the observed quantities, i.e., gravitational acceleration (or simply gravity) and magnetic flux density, respectively, from the expected value of a reference Earth. 

The source of these anomalies is primarily permanent magnetization carried by titanomagnetite minerals in basalt and gabbro’s. They are magnetized when ocean crust is formed at the ridge. As magma rises to the surface and cools, the rock acquires a thermoremanent magnetization in the direction of the field. 

A magnetic anomaly is the change in magnitude of the earth's magnetic field with respect to the expected value for that location. Large volumes of magnetic materials will change the intensity of the earth's field. The units of magnetic anomalies are nanotesla (nT) or the equivalent gamma. 

Muayad Alsamaraee & its owned JAI, proposes novel methods with the potential to improve the performance of navigation and tracking systems in underwater environments. The work relies on well-established methods of potential field inversion and introduces a new analytic formulation designed to stabilize the solution of the inverse problem in real-time applications. The navigation method proposed exploits the terrain information associated with geomagnetic field anomalies, without the need of a priori maps. The procedure can also be applied to track a moving vehicle based on its associated disturbance of the environmental magnetic field. We envision the integration of these methods in terrain-aided navigation systems, simultaneous localization and mapping algorithms, and tracking applications. 

Based on the characteristics of the geomagnetism, numbers of methods have been developed. The principal idea is employed based on the matching algorithms, such as MSD (Mean Square Difference), MAD (Mean Absolute Difference), ICCP (Iterative Closest Contour Point Algorithm), traditional matching algorithms strongly depend on a priori geomagnetic map, which is quite challenging to acquire during practice.  the missions of navigation and tracking systems in underwater, overwater and/or Air environments. 

Muayad Alsamaraee, and JAI team in Jordan Since 2003 they invented a solution for that by using magnetic survey, one of the tools used by exploration geophysicists in their search for mineral-bearing ore bodies or even oil-bearing sedimentary structures and by archaeologists to locate and map the remains of buried structures. … Magnetic surveys are a geophysical method to image anomalies in the earth's magnetic field caused by source bodies within the sub-surface. Oil and gas exploration use magnetic anomalies to detect faults and igneous intrusions.

Muayad Alsamaraee, and his team (JAI Experts) have been continuing their work for 20 years to build an independent and reliable navigation system in the submersible plane that Muayad Alsamaraee, has invented since 2001. ... Standalone-internal navigation system similar to GPS that allows TSAMA Submersible Aircraft to use Earth's magnetic forces to travel long distances with accuracy. By Geomagnetic Navigation of Autonomous Air and/or Underwater Vehicle Based on Multi-objective Evolutionary Algorithm.

Scientists know that today the Earth's magnetic field is powered by the solidification of the planet's liquid iron core. The cooling and crystallization of the core stirs up the surrounding liquid iron, creating powerful electric currents that generate a magnetic field stretching far out into space. 

As water flows around the planet, these ions are deflected by the Earth's magnetic field – positive ions are pushed one-way, negative ions the other. This builds up volumes of positively and negatively charged water, sometimes on a scale of thousands of kilometers.

The geomagnetic field of the earth is very similar to the field of a bar magnetic and has played a major part in navigation over the centuries. By using a compass needle which aligns itself with the magnetic poles of the earth, navigators were able to determine which direction was North and which was South.

Magnetic anomaly navigation uses scalar magnetometers as sensors to measure differences in magnetic fields. Comparing these measurements with magnetic-field maps can provide information resulting in position determination.

A marine magnetic survey is the measurement of Earth's magnetic field intensity or its components (such as vertical component) along a series of profiles over an area of interest with the objective of measuring the magnetism of the ocean floor. 

Humans do not have a magnetic sense, despite having a cryptochrome (cry2) in the retina which is magneto sensitive when exposed to light. A 2019 study found that magnetic fields do affect human alpha brain waves, but it is not known whether this results in any change in behavior. 

Sharks don't just randomly swim around hoping to come across prey. They can follow Earth's magnetic field and use it to navigate. Studies have proven that sharks can detect magnetic fields in water and use them to locate prey in the ocean.

Scientists in Florida have concluded that sharks possess an internal navigation system similar to GPS that allows them to use Earth's magnetic forces to travel long distances with accuracy.

The researchers from Florida State University made the discovery by subjecting 20 bonnethead sharks, part of the hammerhead family, to “magnetic displacement” exercises that replicated geographical locations hundreds of miles from where they were captured.

Sharks have special sensing organs called ampullae of Lorenzini that can detect electric and magnetic fields in water. This electroreceptor organ consists of a network of jelly-filled pores. Sharks have an extraordinary sensitivity to electric fields. When animals contract their muscles, it produces an electric field. Sharks can detect the weak electric fields generated by muscle contractions and may use it to find prey.

As a moving conductor, water induces an electric field when a magnetic field like Earth’s is present. So, sharks can use their special sixth sense to detect magnetic fields as well. … The researchers observed the body composition of shark’s species and found that different sharks evolved aircraft-like characteristics with similar aerodynamics to either round, slow zeppelins or fixed-wing high-speed airplanes.

A newest UAV, looking like an actual shark, this plane is interesting because it represents a trend that’s been underway for several years: turning manned aircraft into unmanned drones capable of doing everything from spy missions to cargo runs ...

Besides looking like an actual shark, this plane is interesting because it represents a trend that’s been underway for several years: turning manned aircraft into unmanned drones capable of doing everything from spy missions to cargo runs. ... the cockpit equipment allowing the plane to be flown remotely. There is also space for all sorts of spy gear, which could include everything.

Turning manned aircraft designs into drones makes a lot of sense. Why spend money and time to design a brand-new aircraft when you can simply convert an existing one?

The TSAMA aircraft features provide operational flexibility in any environment. This modified aerodynamic configuration underwent extensive low speed/high speed wind tunnel testing to validate both its design and performance.

Marine species have evolved certain traits in order to survive in different aquatic ecosystems and depths in the ocean. ... Sharks evolved aircraft-like characteristics with similar aerodynamics to either round, slow zeppelins or fixed-wing high-speed airplanes.

sharks are ideal for deeper and colder depths, whereas the high-speed aircraft sharks do well in shallower waters. The lower depth sharks also evolved larger livers, and their environment does not demand as much energy expenditure.

The sharks who live in shallower waters have slimmer bodies that require less energy to move at faster speeds. As with the sharks inhabiting shallow waters, trying to fly TSAMA at the speeds and accelerations to FVL aircraft of same the weight class would require significantly less energy, based on its shape which is a more javelin-like body.

This information helps shed light on the evolution of sharks, and by comparing sharks to aircrafts, explains the hydrodynamics of sharks who thrive at different depths.

Shark skin is unique in that it has drag-reducing properties that allow sharks to more easily in the water. This property would be very useful in aeronautics as it is necessary to reduce drag to make flights fly smoother.

Sharks evolved attributes of aircrafts to suit their habitats. “The blimpy sharks tend to live in cold water, versus the torpedo sharks that tend to live in the tropics, near the surface. “The cold-water sharks tend to prey on slower fish, which require a slower speed in order to catch them. 

When looking at the different types of sharks, you may notice that some are sleek and streamlined, like an airplane, while others are shaped like a blimp. ... KMWSH focused on the energetics of shark swimming and its relationship to buoyancy, along with the drag force the varieties of sharks generate when they swim. ... Slow moving sharks are shaped more like a zeppelin, or blimp, while the faster sharks are shaped like a high-speed javelin or torpedo. ... They discovered sharks evolved attributes of aircrafts to suit their habitats.

The blimpy sharks tend to live in cold water, versus the torpedo sharks that tend to live in the tropics, near the surface. “The cold-water sharks tend to prey on slower fish, which require a slower speed in order to catch them. The torpedo-like, tropical sharks have to move fast and accelerate swiftly in order to catch their prey.

We Can explained how the hydrodynamics of drag in each case is difference. The slow-moving sharks can get away with being shaped like a zeppelin, or blimp, because they don’t generate a lot of drag.  For blimp-shaped sharks, moving faster, resulting in more drag, requires more energy. Sharks that live in warmer and shallower waters have to accelerate fast which generates more drag. The only way for sharks in the faster moving environments to thrive was to evolve the sleek and streamlined torpedo, or javelin, shaped bodies in order to manage drag and conserve energy.

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